The Bay of Plenty Ecological Region is a diverse landscape of plains, hills, and coast, divided into three districts. Te Teko is a flat alluvial floodplain, once a vast wetland but now drained for intensive farming, with only small remnants such as rare ferns surviving. Taneatua features rolling hills and valleys, with indigenous forest now mostly restricted to the Urewera foothills, while its coast, including Ōhiwa Harbour, is an important feeding ground for migratory shorebirds and marks the southern limit of east-coast mangroves. Ōpōtiki combines coastal plains with sandstone headlands, where most original forest has been cleared, leaving only scattered remnants inland and along the shore.